WELDING & TYPES - OVERVIEW
Welding is
define as fabrication work in which joint made by materials usually metals by
using high heat to melt the parts together, there is huge variety of weldings
as SMAW,GTAW,GMAW,FCAW,SAW etc.
Generally
large numbers of weldings done on different material of jobs as per
requirements.out of this we discuss firstly SMAW.
I)
SMAW- SHEILDED METAL ARC WELDING also known as MANUAL METAL ARC WELDING
in this welding either AC current or DC current from welding source is used to
form electric arc between electrode & metals, the base metal and electrode
forming weld pool shielded by melting flux.
Pic01
Above image is picture of SMAW WELDING on 10 inch pipe.
Pic01
Above image is picture of SMAW WELDING on 10 inch pipe.
This process is one of the most
popular welding processes established since 1890’s. operation of welder is manual.
Power source use for this type of welding AC/DC. Require ampere range in order
of 300-400 Amps. Flux can be cellulose, rutile or basic.
The quality of welding is totally depending
on skill and experience of welder as only one hand is involved in welding.
SMAW universally used process for
shop, site & construction. This welding is suitable for all position. The
advantage of this welding process is this process is best for maintenance
welding, economical and flexible also required simple and low-cost equipment’s.
II)
SAW-SUBMERGED ARC WELDING is mechanised welding as auto/semi type
welding, established since 1930’s.
In this process an arc maintained
between end of wire electrode and parent metal, bare wire electrodes melts to
form weld pool, arc is submerged under special granular powder flux.
Power source required for this
process is DC supply and ampere range in a range of 750A to 3000A.In this
process special granular powder flux is used.
For this process less skill required
but welder must have proper operational experience of machine and operational system.
This welding mainly suitable for shop and used where higher thickness used.
Very high productivity, no smoke formed during operation as compared to other weddings.
Excellent quality and no any kind of
spatters is specialty of this type of welding. This process fins there
application for SAW PIPES & LPG GAS CYLINDERS. Cost of SAW process is very
high, suitable only for shop welding.
III) GTAW-GAS
TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING is also known as TIG WELDING or ARGON ARC WELDING.
In this process the arc is
maintain between tungsten rod and base metal, fusion with or without filler
wire inside gas shielded arc. This process is manual but can be mechanized.
Power source required as AC or
DC, Ampere range in order of 50A to 400A. GTAW process done by inert gases or mixture
of gases such as Argon and Helium mixture. The quality is totally depends on
welder so welder should have proper skill and experience.
This welding is most cleanest
method as compared to other weddings. Suitable for shop and site for all
position. Specially used where welding one side welded joint and second side is
not possible, particularly in pipe welding for root run. This process find
there application in aircraft and chemical industry.
Productivity is low, imputed gas
affects the quality of welding. Welding eye catch for others. But overall most
clean and special type welding.
Different types of welding done as per requirement and types of application, some of types of welding shown below,
1) Pressure Welding – This welding also called as pressure welding in this welding the piese of metal to be joint is heated to plastic state and forced together to external pressure Ex. Resistance Welding.
Different types of welding done as per requirement and types of application, some of types of welding shown below,
1) Pressure Welding – This welding also called as pressure welding in this welding the piese of metal to be joint is heated to plastic state and forced together to external pressure Ex. Resistance Welding.
2)
Fusion Welding – This welding also called as non
presuure welding in this welding the material at joint heated to moltern state
and then solidify Ex, Gas Welding.
3)
Different processes of welding,
1) MIG Welding
(Gas Metal Arc Weldinga (GMAW))
2) TIG Welding
(Tungstan Inert Gas Weldinga)
3) SMAW
Welding (Shielded Metal Arc Welding)
4) FCAW
Welding (Flux-cored Welding)
5) Laser
Bean Welding.
6) Resistance
Welding.
7) Solid State
Welding.
8) Plasma Arc
Welding.
9) Thermo-Chemical
Welding.
10)
Atomic Hydrogen Arc Welding.
11)
Thermit Welding.
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